SIMPLE PRESENT / PRESENT SIMPLE
Simple present/Present simple adalah salah satu jenis tenses yang menyatakan kejadian pada masa kini. Pada umumnya tenses simple present/present simple menunjukkan kebiasaan atau fakta pada masa kini.
🌷Pattern
Bentuk kalimat pada tenses simple present/present simple selalu menggunakan bentuk kata kerja atau verb 1. Pada pola kalimat verbal, Verb 1 yang digunakan bisa Verb 1 Murni atau bare infinitive atau Verb 1 s/es atau additional infinitive. Untuk pola kalimat nominal, To be yang digunakan berupa is, am, atau are.
🏆Bentuk kalimat Verbal
|
Bentuk |
Rumus |
Contoh |
|
+ |
Subject + Verb 1 (s/es) |
They eat Soto. She eats Soto. |
|
- |
Subject + do/does + not + Verb 1 |
They do not eat Soto. She does not eat Soto. |
|
? |
Do/does + subject + verb 1? |
Do they eat Soto? Does she eat Soto? |
|
-? |
Do/does + subject + not + verb 1? Don’t/doesn’t + subject + verb 1? |
Do they not eat Soto? / Don’t they eat Soto? Does she not eat Soto? / Doesn’t she eat Soto? |
Subject verb agreement pada pola ini adalah;
|
Subject (Jamak) |
Subject (Tunggal) |
||
|
I |
Verb 1 |
He |
Verb 1 (s/es) |
|
You |
She |
||
|
We |
It |
||
|
They |
Student |
||
|
Students |
Mr. Jhon |
||
|
Mr. John and Mrs. Jhon |
Mrs. Jhon |
||
Aturan penambahan (s/es) pada Verb 1 atau kata kerja bentuk 1 adalah:
☝ Untuk kata kerja (Verb) yang berakhiran -O, -CH, -SH, -SS, -X, atau -Z (Berdesis), tambahkan -ES.
- go – goes
- catch – catches
- wash – washes
- kiss – kisses
- box – boxes
- buzz – buzz
- carry – carries
- study – studies
- worry – worries
- play – plays
- say – says
- enjoy – enjoys
|
Bentuk |
Rumus |
Contoh |
|
+ |
Subject + is/am/are + Adjective/Noun/Adverb. |
She is beautiful. I am a teacher. They are here. |
|
- |
Subject + is/am/are + not + Adjective/Noun/Adverb. |
She is not beautiful. I am not a teacher. They are not here. |
|
? |
Is/am/are + Subject + Adjective/Noun/Adverb? |
Is she beautiful? Am I a teacher? Are they here? |
|
-? |
Is/am/are + Subject + not + Adjective/Noun/Adverb? Isn’t/aren’t + Subject + Adjective/Noun/Adverb? |
Is she not beautiful? Am I not a teacher? Are they not here? |
Subject verb agreement pada pola ini adalah;
|
Subject (Jamak) |
Subject (Tunggal) |
Subject (Spesial) |
|||
|
You |
are |
He |
is |
I |
am |
|
We |
She |
||||
|
They |
It |
||||
|
Mr. Jhon and Mrs. Jhon |
Mr. Jhon |
||||
🌷Fungsi-Fungsi present tense
- Menyatakan aktifitas kebiasaan pada masa kini (Habitual action in present)
- Menyatakan kebenaran umum pada masa kini (General truth in present)
- Menyatakan kemampuan seseorang (Ability)
eg. The students speak English fluently.
🌷Penanda waktu yang sering digunakan pada present simple
- Always
- Often
- Sometimes
- etc
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