Perbedaan Past dan present perfect tense beserta latihannya?

PAST SIMPLE VS PRESENT PERFECT

Sering kali kita dibuat bingung dengan kedua tenses ini, yaitu past simple atau simple past dan present perfect. Kedua tenses tersebut memang secara fungsi ada beberapa hal yang memiliki kesamaan, yaitu sama-sama menyatakan kejadian yang sudah selesai akan tetapi meskipun mempunyai fungsi yang tidak jauh berbeda tetapi kedua tenses ini mempunyai perbedaan secara penekanannya. Past simple menekankan pada waktu kejadian atau aktifitasnya dan waktunya jelas (definite), untuk Present perfect menekankan pada hasilnya dan waktunya tidak jelas kapan berakhirnya kejadian atau aktifitas tersebut (Indefinite). untuk lebih jelasnya mari kita lihat bagan dibawah ini.

Tense	Persamaan	Perbedaan
Past simple/simple past	Sudah Selesai	·         Penanda waktu Jelas (Definite time signal) ·         Penekanan pada waktu (Time)
Present perfect	Sudah Selesai	·         Penanda waktu tidak jelas (Indefinite time signal) ·         Penekanan pada hasil (Result)

Contoh

• They have eaten rice. (Menyatakan bahwa kejadian atau aktifitas sudah selesai tapi waktunya tidak jelas kapan selesainya).
• They ate rice 3 minutes ago. (Menyatakan bahwa kejadian atau aktifitas sudah selesai dan waktu selesainya jelas kapan selesainya).

Latihan-latihan (Simple Past vs Present Perfect)

1. I (buy) .......... a new house last year, but I (not sell) ............. my old house yet, sot at the moment I have two houses.
2. She (catch) .......... the next train but it (not get) .............. in till 09.00, so she (arrive) ................ at her office ten minutes late.
3. Her boss (look) ............. up as she (come) ............. in. "You (be) .................. late every morning this week," he (growl).......
4. Ann (go) ............ to Canada six months ago. She (work) .............. in Canada for a while and then (go) ............... to the United States.
5. When I (buy) ............ my new house I (ask) ............... for a telephone. The Post Office (tell) .......... me to wait, but I (wait) ............ a year now and my phone still (not come) .....................
6. Peter (try) .................. to come in quietly but his mother (hear) ........... him and (call) ........ out,"Where you (be) .........? Your supper (be) .............. in the oven for an hour."
7. We usually go out on Saturday evenings, but last Saturday (be) ....... so wet that we (stay) ....... in and (play) ............ cards. What you (play) ....................? We (play) ............. poker. I (lose) ............. fifty pence.
8. I (not see) ............ Charles for some time. He (be) ............. ill, poor chap. He (collapse) ............... at work a fortnight ago and (be taken) to hospital. They (send) ................ him home after two days but he (not come) ................ back to work yet.
9. You (find) .............. out yet about the trains to Scotland? No. I (ring) .................. the station last night but the man who (answer) ................ the phone (not seem) ............. to be sure of the times. He (say) ............ something about a new timetable, but the new timetable (be) .......... in operation for three weeks!
10. I can't find my gloves. You (see) .......... them? Yes, You (leave) ........... them in the car yesterday. I (put) ................. them back iin your drawer.

(1. bought, haven't sold 2. caught, didn't get in, arrived 3. looked up, came, have been, growled 4. went, worked, went 5. bought, asked, told, have waited/have been waiting, hasn't come 6. tried, heard, called out; have you been, has been 7. was , stayed, played; did you play; played, lost 8. haven't seen; has been ill, collapsed, was taken, sent, hasn't come 9. have you found out; rang, answered, didn't seem; said; has been 10. have you seen; left; put) 

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